There are two different approaches to synthetic cell production top down and bottom up. Bottom up focuses on theories of how life began on earth originally. Basically an amphilic molecule, that is a molecule which has polar and non-polar potions will form a membrane. Then some RNA and some other basic cellular machinery is added to create a brand new cell from scratch. The other top down method craig venter is trying is more like a glorified gmo he basically is taking a living organism and rewritting its dna in such a way that it is very simple, having only 300 genes, humans have 30,000 to put it in perspective.
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